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Over the centuries, many sex scandals have involved incumbent United States federal elected politicians, as well as persons appointed with the consent of the U.S. Senate.〔Dagnes, Alison. ''(Sex Scandals in American Politics: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Construction and Aftermath of Contemporary Political Sex Scandals )'' (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011).〕〔Slansky, Paul. ''(The Little Quiz Book of Big Political Sex Scandals )'' (Simon and Schuster, 2009).〕〔Apostolidis, Paul and Williams, Juliet. ''(Public Affairs: Politics in the Age of Sex Scandals )'' (Duke University Press, 2004).〕 Sometimes the officials have denied the accusations, or have apologized, or have lost their office in consequence of the scandal (e.g. by resigning or being defeated or deciding not to run again). This list is ordered chronologically. There is some emphasis on sex scandals since the mid-1970s, because before then the media was less inclined to cover these matters.〔Keck, Kristi. "(Political sex scandals a nonpartisan affair )", CNN (July 14, 2009).〕 Additionally, outing people because of perceptions that their political positions are anti-gay has become increasingly common since 1989.〔Gross, Larry. ''Contested Closets: The Politics and Ethics of Outing''. University of Minnesota Press, 1993 ISBN 0-8166-2179-9〕 More generally, any perceived inconsistency between personal conduct and policy positions makes a politician's sex life more likely to become publicized. For these listed people, either the scandal, or the behavior which gave rise to it, occurred while they were occupying their high federal offices, and one or the other date may be used here, even if coverage of the scandal was entirely posthumous. Politicians' sex crimes are not covered in this particular list, regardless of whether there has been a verdict yet.〔Williams, Juliet. “(Why the Strauss-Kahn and Schwarzenegger scandals don’t go together )”, ''The Washington Post'' (May 20, 2011) (opinion).〕 ==Definitions== One of the definitions of sex is "physical activity in which people touch each other's bodies, kiss each other, etc."〔(Merriam-Webster Leaners Dictionary ).〕 Thus, instances or accusations of sexism or homophobia that do not include or seek that sort of physical activity are not covered by this list. Scandal is defined as "loss of or damage to reputation caused by actual or apparent violation of morality or propriety".〔(Merriam-Webster Dictionary ).〕 Scandal is not the same as controversy, which implies two differing points of view, and is also not the same as unpopularity. Misunderstandings, breaches of ethics, or cover-ups may or may not result in scandals depending on the amount of publicity generated, and the seriousness of the alleged behavior.〔Grossman, Mark. ''Political Corruption in America: An Encyclopedia of Scandals, Power, and Greed.'' (2003).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of federal political sex scandals in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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